The closure of the 150-year old Philadelphia Energy Solutions (PES) oil refinery presents an historic opportunity for us, as a city, to rethink our relationship with the energy economy. The “near catastrophe” at PES on June 21st that threatened the lives of a million residents must be a catalyst for a robust public process to hold the fossil fuel industry accountable for its violations and debts. If we insist on leadership from our government officials, we can forge the path for a renewable energy system that addresses the interlocking crises of public health, poverty, and climate change.